Synthetic fibers:
Chemical fibers refer to those made from natural or Fibers made from synthetic high polymers as raw materials and processed by chemical methods can be divided into two categories: man-made fibers and synthetic fibers. There are two types of man-made fibers, namely man-made cellulose fibers (such as viscose fiber, rich fiber, etc.) and man-made protein fibers (such as soybean fiber, peanut fiber, etc.). The camp of synthetic fibers is relatively large, including polyester fiber (ie polyester fiber). ), polyamide fiber (nylon 6, nylon 66, etc.), polyacrylonitrile fiber (acrylic fiber), polyvinyl formal fiber (vinylon), polypropylene fiber (polypropylene), polyvinyl chloride fiber (chloropropon), polyamide Formate fiber (spandex).
Polyester
English name: polyester fiber; China’s product name is polyester.
Polyester fiber in the clothing industry Also called Bingsi. It is currently the largest variety of synthetic fibers. It is a fiber-forming polymer made from purified terephthalic acid (PTA) or dimethyl terephthalate (DMT) and ethylene glycol (EG) through esterification or transesterification and polycondensation reaction. —Polyethylene terephthalate (PET), a fiber made by spinning and post-processing. Polyester, commonly known as “Qianliang” in China, has a wide range of uses and is widely used in the manufacture of clothing fabrics and industrial products. Polyester has excellent shaping properties. The flat, fluffy or pleated shapes produced by polyester yarn or fabric after shaping can still remain unchanged after being washed many times during use. It is loved by people because of its characteristics such as strong and durable, good elasticity, not easily deformed, corrosion-resistant, insulating, crisp, easy to wash and quick-drying.
Polyester is also called triclon , Americans also call it “Dacron”. When it appeared on the Hong Kong market, people translated it as “Chen Liang” in Cantonese, which became a household name.
Polyamide fiber
The English name Polyamide (PA for short), commonly known as nylon, was invented by the famous American chemist Carothers and his scientific research team. . Nylon is a term for polyamide fiber, which can be made into long fiber or short fiber.
Nylon is polyamide fiber Product name, also known as Nylon. It is the first synthetic fiber in the world. The emergence of nylon has given a new look to textiles. Its synthesis is a major breakthrough in the synthetic fiber industry and an important milestone in polymer chemistry.
acetate
English name: acetate
fiber, cellulose acetate
fiber, also known as acetate fiber. Acetate fiber has better light resistance, but poor dyeing performance. It is generally made into short fibers and can be used as artificial hair. Acetate filament has good luster, soft and smooth feel, good drape, and strong silk feel. Suitable for making underwear, bathrobes, children’s clothing, women’s clothing and interior decoration fabrics, etc. Short fibers are used for blending with cotton, wool or other synthetic fibers. The fabric is easy to wash and dry, and is mildew- and moth-free.
Viscose fiber
Viscose fiber refers to α-cellulose extracted from cellulose raw materials such as wood and plant stalks, or made from cotton shorts Man-made fibers are made from velvet as raw material, processed into spinning solution, and then wet-spun. Viscose fiber is the full name of viscose fiber. It is divided into viscose filament and viscose staple fiber.
Viscose fiber – also called Rayon, viscose filament. In recent years, new high-end varieties of viscose fiber called Tencel and bamboo fiber have appeared. Viscose fiber is a cellulose fiber produced from cotton or other natural fibers. Among the 12 major textile fibers, the moisture content of viscose fiber is most in line with the physiological requirements of human skin, and it has the characteristics of smooth, cool, breathable, antistatic, and brilliant dyeing. Viscose fiber is regenerated cellulose��: Acrylic fiber is very unique in its internal structure. It has an irregular spiral conformation and does not have a strict crystalline region, but it can be divided into high-order and low-order arrangements. Because of this structure, acrylic fiber has good thermal elasticity (can be processed into bulked yarn), acrylic fiber has a low density, smaller than wool, and the fabric has good warmth retention.
Features: sunlight resistance and It has good weather resistance (ranked first), poor moisture absorption, and difficult to dye. Pure acrylic fiber has poor wearability due to its tight internal structure. Therefore, its performance is improved by adding a second and third monomer. The second monomer improves elasticity and feel, and the third monomer improves dyeability.
Use: Mainly for civilian use, It can be spun purely or blended to make a variety of woolen materials, woolen yarns, blankets, sportswear, artificial fur, plush, bulked yarn, hoses, parasol cloth, etc.
5. Vinyl (water-soluble moisture absorption)
The biggest feature is its high hygroscopicity, the best among synthetic fibers, known as “synthetic cotton” . The strength is worse than that of brocade and polyester, but it has good chemical stability and is not resistant to strong acid and alkali. Sunlight resistance and weather resistance are also very good, but it is resistant to dry heat but not wet heat (shrinkage) and has the worst elasticity. The fabric is easy to wrinkle, dyeing is poor, and the color is not bright.
Use: Multi-cotton blend : Muslin, poplin, corduroy, underwear, canvas, tarpaulin, packaging materials, work clothes, etc.
6. Polypropylene (lightweight and warm)
Polypropylene fiber is the lightest fiber among common chemical fibers. It is almost non-hygroscopic, but has good wicking ability, high strength, dimensionally stable fabrics, good abrasion resistance and elasticity, and good chemical stability. But: poor thermal stability, not resistant to sunlight, and prone to aging and brittleness.
Use: can knit socks, Mosquito net cloth, quilt wadding, thermal padding, wet diapers, etc. Industrially: carpets, fishing nets, canvas, hoses, medical tapes to replace cotton gauze and make sanitary products.
7. Spandex (elastic fiber)
The best elasticity, the worst strength, poor moisture absorption, good light resistance, acid resistance, Alkali resistance and wear resistance.
Use: Spandex uses its Due to its properties, it is widely used in the textile field, medical field, etc., mainly underwear, women’s underwear, casual wear, sportswear, socks, pantyhose, bandages, etc. Spandex is a highly elastic fiber necessary for high-performance clothing that pursues dynamics and convenience. Spandex can stretch 5-7 times longer than the original shape, so it is comfortable to wear, soft to the touch, wrinkle-free, and can always maintain its original contour.
