Mechanical jacquard device
The jacquard device is one of the five main mechanisms of the loom – the shedding mechanism. It mainly consists of a transmission mechanism, a heddle lifting mechanism and a pattern control mechanism. According to the difference in pattern control, it can be divided into mechanical jacquard device and electronic jacquard device. 1. The function of the mechanical jacquard device and the conditions it should meet 1. The function of the mechanical jacquard device is mainly used to weave complex fabrics in conjunction with the loom to complete the open jacquard movement, such as large pattern quilts, decorative fabrics, ties, etc. 2. Conditions that should be met (1) Like the dobby device, the mechanical jacquard device itself has no power source. The power to achieve leisure comes from the loom. The commonly used transmission method is a drive shaft with universal joints at both ends. Hollow steel pipes reduce weight. (2) The jacquard device should be synchronized with the loom to ensure that the main shaft of the loom rotates once, and the hook of the jacquard device drives the through wires and healds to form a shed to complete one cycle of weaving. Since the opening of the jacquard device is generally a double-action mechanism, when the loom rotates once, the jacquard machine only rotates half a circle to form a shed. (3) The jacquard device should have a signal reading mechanism, that is, the mechanism through a combination of multiple parts can receive and transmit the signals arranged according to the required weaving fabric pattern process to the actuator, and then complete the opening. The commonly used signal reading mechanism is perforation. Paper texture board mechanism. (4) It should have a heddle lifting and returning mechanism. All jacquard machines are passive shedding devices, so the shedding actuator of the jacquard machine only completes the heddle lifting action, and the heddle returning action passes through a separate heddle hanging at the bottom of each heddle. The station spring uses the spring force to reset after the hook rises to form the next shed. (5) The jacquard opening is suitable for weaving complex patterns. Each warp yarn on the loom beam needs to be individually relaxed up and down, so enough hooks and wires are needed to complete the action. The commonly used number of hanging needles is 1344 needles. (6) Because the jacquard device needs to be equipped with a large number of wires, in order to reduce friction during high-speed weaving, it is necessary to ensure that the vertical angle between the wires and the loom is not greater than 55°, so the jacquard machine needs to be placed at a certain height to meet the above conditions. , so a building frame is set up above the loom. 2. Technical requirements of mechanical jacquard device With the progress of science and technology, mechanical jacquard device has been gradually replaced by electronic jacquard device. However, when weaving wool fabrics, especially heavy wool fabrics, most of them still use mechanical jacquard devices. Taking the GT505 mechanical jacquard device as an example, the main technical parameters are as follows: (1) Number of needles: 1344 needles. (2) Opening type: double-action fully clear opening. (3) Pattern control mode: continuous pattern paper. (4) Applicable opening height: 33~125mm. (5) Model: top-mounted: universal for R and L. (6) Transmission mode: station shaft universal joint, chain drive. (7) Noise: ≤84dBA. (8) Jacquard machine high speed: 300r/min. (9) Jacquard machine overall dimensions: 1100mm×1000mm×1200mm. 3. Use of mechanical jacquard device Take the GT505 mechanical jacquard device as an example: The GT505 double-acting fully clear opening mechanical jacquard device can be used with various foreign mid-to-high-end rapier looms and can weave cotton, wool, silk, and linen. , chemical fiber and other jacquard fabrics. 1. Structure and Principle The main part of GT505 mechanical jacquard device consists of frame parts, transmission parts, knife box connecting rod parts, eccentric disk, tie rod swing arm parts, separate horizontal needle parts, signal parts, vertical needle mesh plate grille It is composed of components, pulley wire frame components, glass grille components, etc. GT505 mechanical jacquard device, the power is input from the loom through the station shaft universal joint or chain, the swing arm is driven by the crank pull rod to swing, and the connecting rod on the swing arm drives the knife box to move up and down; the camshaft power is input from the main shaft through the chain , the signal tube is driven by a camshaft through a chain-driven Malta mechanism, for intermittent leisure, and the tube synchronously feeds the continuous pattern paper into the needle plate. When the cam pushes the movable horizontal needle box forward, if there is a hole in the pattern paper corresponding to the horizontal needle, the compression spring on the horizontal needle box will push the corresponding horizontal needle to continue moving forward, and push the vertical needle to swing forward to above the knife lifting edge to complete the signal selection. The needle works; when there are no holes in the corresponding horizontal needle pattern paper, the horizontal needle is blocked by the pattern paper and the vertical needle does not swing in place. As a result, the knife box of the knife box moves up and down driven by the swing arm, driving the vertical needle with signal. The needle moves upward and passes through the pulley block, through wire and heald to lift the warp yarn. The vertical needle without signal remains stationary under the action of the return heald spring force and tension, forming a clear opening state in the upper and lower layers for jacquard weaving. 2. Installation of the jacquard device and accessories The jacquard device and the attached supports and transmission components must be installed by the manufacturer before leaving the factory. After leaving the factory, the manufacturer can arrange professional technicians to assist users in the final installation on the loom frame and connection with the loom. If the user installs it by himself, he should carefully read the installation methods and adjustment matters described in the manual. 3. Manufacturing requirements for the jacquard device floor frame The floor frame is generally manufactured by the user factory, and the manufacturer can also assist in solving the problem. The height of the floor frame depends on the width of the loom and the height of the factory building. When the height of the factory building is sufficient, the finished quantity will be higher. Generally, users should manufacture according to Table 2-1. The manufactured floor frame should ensure sufficient stiffness.
4. Adjustment of the opening height of the jacquard device The opening height of the jacquard device is:��Various looms and raw material requirements are different, so the opening height is also different. When a clear opening is adopted, in addition to the height, there is also the inclination angle, installation depth, etc., which should be adjusted according to the process needs and the instructions for use of the jacquard device. 4. Care and Maintenance Before performing maintenance and repair operations, the loom must be turned off and the power supply must be cut off. 1. Lubrication In order to ensure the normal operation of the jacquard device, lubricating oil needs to be replenished regularly to the relevant parts. Lubricating oil should be replenished regularly and reasonably, and excessive lubricating oil should not be added. After refueling, pay attention to wipe off the oil droplets and grease on the jacquard device, and check and clean the oil bottom plate. The refueling points are the casual meshing surface, each grease fitting and the sprocket. Table 2-2 lists the refueling cycles of each refueling point.
2. Transmission chain maintenance All transmission chains will be stretched during leisure. In order to compensate for the stretching deformation, it is necessary to adjust the chain tension according to certain rules. Correct tension adjustment should follow the following principles. Tighten the tight side of the chain, tighten the midpoint of the loose side, and check by pressing with your fingers. The service life of the transmission chain can be determined by measuring the elongation. When the elongation exceeds 2% of the original chain length, the transmission chain needs to be replaced with a new one. 3. Jacquard device inspection The jacquard device should be checked regularly to ensure that all parts of the machine are in good working condition. It is very necessary to check whether the wires, pulleys, and pattern paper are in normal working condition, whether the wire segments in the eye plate are damaged, and whether there is any dust or dirt around the return harness. Use compressed air to clean it regularly. It is necessary to regularly check the lubrication condition of each leisure part and replenish lubricating oil in time. When the jacquard device is used for a long time, individual horizontal (vertical) needles need to be replaced due to wear and tear.
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