Introduction
The lubrication management of textile equipment involves many aspects such as procurement, storage, technology, management, and maintenance, and is a systematic project. Doing a good job in lubrication and lubrication management of equipment is an important part of equipment management in modern industrial enterprises. Strengthening equipment lubrication management, ensuring the normal operation of equipment, saving energy, reducing maintenance costs, and extending the service life of equipment are important ways to improve the economic benefits of enterprises.
The lubrication management of textile equipment involves many aspects such as procurement, storage, technology, management, and maintenance, and is a systematic project. The lubrication of textile equipment depends on its speed, load and form of friction pair. Domestic textile equipment and imported textile equipment have different lubrication requirements and different lubrication methods. It is necessary to correctly select the type and label of lubricating oil, and to keep the lubricating oil well. During the maintenance and lubrication of equipment, special attention should be paid to abrasive wear, maintenance operation methods, and the use and management of hydraulic oil.
Performing equipment lubrication and lubrication management is an important part of equipment management in modern industrial enterprises. Strengthening equipment lubrication management, ensuring the normal operation of equipment, saving energy, reducing maintenance costs, and extending the service life of equipment are important ways to improve the economic benefits of enterprises.
01 Lubrication mechanism and lubricating oil
When the friction surfaces of the mechanical motion pair move relative to each other, Since the surface is in direct contact and generates frictional resistance, part of the energy transmitted by the machine is consumed due to friction heating the surface, thus consuming energy and wearing out the machine parts. The function of lubrication is to form a lubricant film on the friction surface that can withstand part or all of the load, to separate the friction surfaces of the two moving pairs, to lubricate, and to transform the friction between metals into products with lower shear strength. The internal friction between the oil film molecules reduces friction resistance and surface wear, reduces energy consumption, and extends the service life of the equipment.
Petroleum-based lubricants are composed of petroleum. The main elements that make up petroleum are carbon and hydrogen. These two elements account for 96% to 99.5% of petroleum. Among them, carbon accounts for about 85% to 87%, and hydrogen accounts for about 11% to 14%. The composition of the hydrocarbons contained in petroleum-based lubricating oil determines the main properties of the lubricating oil such as viscosity and oxidation properties. The viscosity of lubricating oil is an extremely important indicator. It has a significant impact on friction loss, load carrying capacity, oil film thickness, lubricating oil fluidity and sealing properties. Lubricating oils with different viscosities have different performance properties. In addition, attention should be paid to the corrosion resistance, rust resistance, pour point (low temperature fluidity), flash point, moisture, mechanical impurities and acid value of the lubricating oil. The moisture content in lubricating oil is a relatively important physical index. If the moisture content exceeds the standard, the damage to the lubricating oil will be greater. In order to meet the requirements for use under different conditions, different additives are added to the lubricating oil to improve the physical and chemical properties of the lubricating oil. For example, adding a pour point depressant can provide lubricating oil with a low freezing point to ensure its use under low temperature conditions in winter. Adding sulfur, chlorine, phosphorus, etc., as well as metal soaps and highly polar compounds can improve the extreme pressure and anti-wear properties and prevent metal surface scratches and Sticky biting etc. Depending on the conditions, lubrication can be divided into several states such as fluid lubrication, elastic fluid lubrication, boundary lubrication and mixed lubrication. Generally, the better lubrication state is fluid lubrication, which is also more ideal lubrication. Different friction pairs require different lubrication conditions.
02 Lubrication requirements for textile equipment
The lubrication of textile machinery and equipment should depend on its speed and load It depends on the type of friction pair and the type of friction pair. It is generally clearly marked in the instructions and should be strictly implemented in accordance with the requirements during production. Domestic old model equipment (such as 1452A warping machine, G142B sizing machine, 1515 loom, etc.) has a low speed, low load, and low lubrication requirements. The speed and load of new domestic equipment (such as high-speed warping machines, double-tank sizing machines, shuttleless looms, etc.) have been greatly improved, and their lubrication requirements have also increased accordingly. The lubrication methods have also changed and are widely used. Centralized oil supply, oil bath lubrication and other methods are adopted.
Imported textile equipment has the characteristics of high speed, large load, and good reliability of equipment operation. Most of its transmission forms use gearbox transmission, and most of the support points of the transmission shaft use rolling bearings. , while improving the transmission reliability, it also changed the lubrication method. In new textile equipment, most use centralized circulation lubrication or gearbox oil bath lubrication, so the lubricating grease is required to have good anti-oxidation, anti-rust and anti-fouling properties. The lubrication cycle of imported textile equipment is described in detail in its instructions. The parts that need lubrication every day, every week, every month, and every season are clearly marked and should be strictly implemented during production. Under normal circumstances, most of the lubricating greases marked in the manuals of imported equipment are products from world-famous companies, and their performance is good. As long as they are lubricated according to regulations, the normal operation of the equipment can be guaranteed. During lubrication work, be sure to prevent oil circuit blockage, pay attention to the label of the lubricant, and check the oil level display window of the lubricant frequently to avoid mechanical damage and economic losses caused by lack of oil. In daily lubrication management, a detailed lubrication cycle must be formulated according to the lubrication requirements of the equipment, and lubrication must be carried out in strict accordance with the “five certain” of fixed person, fixed quality, fixed point, quantitative and timing. At the same time, corresponding inspection methods must be in place to ensureWhen working, the dust, impurities or moisture in the lubricating grease will cause greater wear on the bearings. When the impurity content increases from 0 to 0.5%, the wear can increase by 5 to 10 times. The amount of lubricating grease added should be appropriate, generally 1/2 to 1/3 of the bearing cavity.
The use and management of hydraulic oil are more demanding than general lubricants. Practice has proved that the working performance of the hydraulic system depends to a large extent on the selection, storage and use of hydraulic oil. At least 75% of the failures of the hydraulic transmission system are caused by unreasonable selection of lubricating oil or poor storage and use. Hydraulic oil must have good lubrication properties, thermal oxidation resistance, insulation properties, and a high volume elastic coefficient. In daily management work, the filter screen of the hydraulic system must be cleaned regularly. A clean filter screen can ensure the performance of the hydraulic oil and remove impurities in a timely manner. The disposable filter screen must be replaced regularly. When repairing hydraulic systems, disassembling and assembling solenoid valves, pipelines, etc., the dismantled parts should be protected to prevent impurities from entering and causing system contamination. The parts that need to be replaced should be cleaned first and then installed. When repairing or cleaning the valves, cylinders, oil storage tanks, etc. of the hydraulic system, cotton gauze or cotton cloth should not be used as wiping materials. Silk cloth or vinyl sponge should be used for wiping. Hydraulic systems are inevitably contaminated by water, oil-soluble and non-oil-soluble impurities mixed into the oil and hydraulic oil deterioration, so the oil must be changed regularly. In actual work, due to the inevitable slight leakage of the hydraulic system, new hydraulic oil needs to be replenished, but it should also be replaced periodically. Just replenishing it without replacing it will not work. When replacing hydraulic oil, the dirt in the hydraulic system must be thoroughly cleaned. After cleaning, it must be replaced with hydraulic oil of the same grade, and the oil pump must be turned on and heated to 60°C for at least 2 hours. The replacement oil must be continuously circulated for at least 24 hours, or passed through the filter and liquid bag. Filter until there is no impurity or dirt. Hydraulic oil must be filtered through a 150 mesh/25.4 mm ~ 200 mesh/25.4 mm filter before it can be added.
05 Do a good job in equipment lubrication management to improve comprehensive benefits
The lubrication of equipment is an important part of enterprise equipment An important part of maintenance work, lubrication, also called preventive maintenance, is mainly to prevent equipment accidents, improve equipment productivity, and increase economic benefits. Proper lubrication management of equipment can improve the operation rate of the equipment, reduce the failure rate, reduce maintenance costs, and extend the service life of the equipment. In particular, it is extremely important to do a good job in lubrication management of key process equipment such as sizing machines, warping machines, air compressors, etc. to ensure their normal operation.
To do a good job in lubrication management, it is necessary to improve the organization and implementation within the enterprise, and to equip full-time (part-time) personnel from top to bottom to build a complete lubrication system. Good lubrication management should be comprehensively considered from the price and use effect of the oil. Generally, factory lubricant costs account for 3% to 10% of machinery maintenance costs, and only account for about 0.1% to 1% of product costs, but they have a great impact on maintenance and production. The starting point of doing a good job in equipment lubrication is to ensure the normal operation of the equipment, save energy, reduce maintenance costs, and extend the service life. The fundamental purpose is to improve the comprehensive economic benefits of the enterprise. Equipment damage caused by poor lubrication is serious, especially when imported key equipment is damaged. Parts procurement cycles are long, resulting in long downtime, which seriously disconnects the production of subsequent processes, affects the completion of production plans, and causes significant losses to the economic benefits of the enterprise. . Therefore, doing a good job in lubrication management is one of the keys to ensuring and improving the economic benefits of the enterprise.
In short, enterprise lubrication management is a relatively complex systematic project, which involves procurement, storage, technology, management, maintenance and many other aspects. Today, as the number of imported textile equipment continues to increase, how to properly manage the lubrication of domestic and imported textile equipment, from the type of oil, procurement, storage, use, and adding (changing) oil, requires continuous efforts to explore and study, and provide the basis for future use. Accumulate experience in managing imported and domestic textile equipment to improve the equipment lubrication management workday.
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